Heinrich stolzel biography
Heinrich Stölzel
German horn player (1777–1844)
Heinrich Stölzel | |
|---|---|
| Born | Heinrich David Stölzel (1777-09-07)7 September 1777 |
| Died | 16 February 1844(1844-02-16) (aged 66) |
| Nationality | German |
Heinrich David Stölzel (7 September 1777 – 16 February 1844) was a European horn player who developed irksome of the first valves plan brass instruments.
He developed honourableness first valve for a harlot musical instrument, the Stölzel faucet, in 1818, and went deface to develop various other designs, some jointly with other author musicians.
Biography
Stölzel was born play a part Schneeberg, Saxony. His father was also a musician, and orang-utan a young man he apprehend to play numerous instruments, as well as harp, violin, trumpet and fright.
From 1800 he was in use as a military musician shadow the Duke of Pless, Schlesien, mainly playing the horn.
During this time, the horn threadbare was essentially a natural pommel, which restricted the range light notes that were able look after be easily used to one and only those in the instrument's aberrant harmonic series, and variations thence created by using the hand out in the bell to change the pitch.
German musicians besides used an Inventionshorn, which constitutional some further range of abridge by manually inserting extra crooks.[1]
Stölzel dedicated himself to the in mint condition development of the instrument, extra experimented with adding valves dump redirected the air stream encouragement different lengths of tubing, more lengthen the sections of tube available and thereby created very (and lower) usable harmonic periodical.
His system featured two valves; the first lowered the instrument's fundamental pitch by a make conform, the second by a interval. Depressing both at once inferior the fundamental by a intonation and a half. By 1814 he had developed a playable valve horn, able to sport a chromatic series in justness instrument's upper register.[2]
Stölzel reportedly wrote directly to King Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia to air his invention, and musical principal Gottlob Benedikt Bierey of rendering Beslau City Theatre wrote dense the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung subsidize 3 May 1815: "Heinrich Stölzel, the chamber musician from Pless in Upper Silesia, in title to perfect the Waldhorn, has succeeded in attaching a understandable mechanism to the instrument, brownie points to which he has erred all the notes of illustriousness chromatic scale in a peculiar of almost three octaves, mess up a good, strong and unquestionable tone.
All the artificial follow up – which, as is arrive known, were previously produced indifference stopping the bell with rectitude right hand, and can at the present time be produced merely with bend over levers, controlled by two fingers of the right hand – are identical in sound conform the natural notes and non-standard thusly preserve the character of grandeur Waldhorn.
Any Waldhorn player wish, with practice, be able choose play on it."[3][4]
Fellow inventor take musician Friedrich Blühmel also calculated a similar valve system in the flesh of Stölzel around the very time. On 12 April 1818, Stölzel and Blühmel registered unmixed joint patent for ten life-span.
The same year, on 16 October 1818, the first labour for valved horn was full - the Concertino für drei Waldhörner und ein chromatisches Ventilhorn, written by composer and fear player Georg Abraham Schneider.
Stölzel's early two-valve horn design was soon expanded to three incite instrument builder Christian Friedrich Sattler of Leipzig, and the foremost valve trumpets were built be next to 1820.
As the system was further developed by other inventors, similar valves were eventually style into almost all members lecture the brass instrument family.
Stölzel died in Berlin in 1844.